Konferenzveröffentlichung
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- Konferenzveröffentlichung (637) (entfernen)
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- injury) (53)
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- Unterhaltung (16)
- Auffahrunfall (15)
- Digital model (15)
- Drunkenness (15)
- Leg (human) (15)
- Maintenance (15)
- Mathematical model (15)
- Medical aspects (15)
- Medizinische Gesichtspunkte (15)
- Modification (15)
- Numerisches Modell (15)
- Rear end collision (15)
- Road construction (15)
- Sachschaden (15)
- Straßenbau (15)
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- Verformung (15)
- Verkehrsinfrastruktur (15)
- Arzneimittel (14)
- Bemessung (14)
- Damage (14)
- Driver training (14)
- Error (14)
- Highway (14)
- Medication (14)
- Norm (tech) (14)
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- Straßennetz (14)
- Veränderung (14)
- Adolescent (13)
- Airbag (13)
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- Design (overall design) (13)
- Einstellung (psychol) (13)
- Human factor (13)
- Illness (13)
- Information (13)
- Instandsetzung (13)
- Jugendlicher (13)
- Krankheit (13)
- Lkw (13)
- Menschlicher Faktor (13)
- Metal bridge (13)
- Politik (13)
- Stahlbrücke (13)
- Standardization (13)
- Transport infrastructure (13)
- Verkehrsteilnehmer (13)
- Antikollisionssystem (12)
- Ausrüstung (12)
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- Detection (12)
- Driver information (12)
- Equipment (12)
- Fahrausbildung (12)
- Fahrzeugsitz (12)
- Fehler (12)
- Impact study (12)
- Kontrolle (12)
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- Policy (12)
- Road user (12)
- Schutzhelm (12)
- Skill (road user) (12)
- Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung (12)
- Überschlagen (12)
- Attitude (psychol) (11)
- Bein (menschl) (11)
- Braking (11)
- Collision avoidance system (11)
- Condition survey (11)
- Cost benefit analysis (11)
- Crash helmet (11)
- Expert opinion (11)
- Gutachten (11)
- Knotenpunkt (11)
- Medical examination (11)
- Orthotropic plate (11)
- Rigid pavement (11)
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- Verwaltung (11)
- Administration (10)
- Age (10)
- Air pollution (10)
- Alter (10)
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- Betonstraße (Oberbau) (10)
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- Rissbildung (10)
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- Surveillance (10)
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- Technology (10)
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- Weather (10)
- Zustandsbewertung (10)
- Air bag (restraint system) (9)
- Austria (9)
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- Blood alcohol content (9)
- Blutalkoholgehalt (9)
- Boden (9)
- Chemical analysis (9)
- Classification (9)
- Compatibility (9)
- Concrete (9)
- Detektion (9)
- Erdarbeiten (9)
- Front (9)
- Interior (veh) (9)
- Japan (9)
- Krankenhaus (9)
- Life cycle (9)
- Lärm (9)
- Motorway (9)
- Noise (9)
- Organisation (9)
- Soil (9)
- Specification (standard) (9)
- Stickoxid (9)
- Straßenverkehr (9)
- Technische Vorschriften (Kraftfahrzeug) (9)
- Umwelt (9)
- Wirbelsäule (9)
- Witterung (9)
- Österreich (9)
- Automatic (8)
- Bauwerk (8)
- Beton (8)
- Chemische Analyse (8)
- Decke (Straße) (8)
- Environment (8)
- Erfahrung (menschl) (8)
- Erste Hilfe (8)
- Experience (human) (8)
- Fahreignung (8)
- Fahrstabilität (8)
- Fahrzeuginnenraum (8)
- Fracture (bone) (8)
- Führerschein (8)
- Grenzwert (8)
- Hospital (8)
- Human body (8)
- Information documentation (8)
- Junction (8)
- Klassifizierung (8)
- Knee (human) (8)
- Knochenbruch (8)
- Limit (8)
- Menschlicher Körper (8)
- Mobility (8)
- Mobilität (8)
- Oberflächentextur (8)
- Official approval (8)
- Quality assurance (8)
- Qualitätssicherung (8)
- Software (8)
- Surface texture (8)
- USA (8)
- Vehicle handling (8)
- Vereinigtes Königreich (8)
- Wasser (8)
- Water (8)
- Wirksamkeitsuntersuchung (8)
- Blood (7)
- Blut (7)
- Brücken Management System (7)
- Driving licence (7)
- Eigenschaft (7)
- Engineering structure (7)
- Fahrgeschicklichkeit (7)
- Frau (7)
- Halswirbel (7)
- Impact test (7)
- Ort (Position) (7)
- Orthotrope Fahrbahntafel (7)
- Probability (7)
- Properties (7)
- Psychologie (7)
- Psychology (7)
- Quality (7)
- Qualität (7)
- Reaction (human) (7)
- Rehabilitation (7)
- Road traffic (7)
- Sichtbarkeit (7)
- Straßenentwurf (7)
- Straßenverkehrsrecht (7)
- Traffic regulations (7)
- Sichtbarkeit (7)
- Wahrscheinlichkeit (7)
- Welding (7)
- Abbiegen (6)
- Attention (6)
- Aufmerksamkeit (6)
- Bicycle (6)
- Bremse (6)
- Bridge deck (6)
- Bridge management system (6)
- Cervical vertebrae (6)
- China (6)
- Continuous (6)
- Correlation (math, stat) (6)
- Crashtest (6)
- Decision process (6)
- Drainage (6)
- Echtzeit (6)
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- Entwässerung (6)
- Fahrbahntafel (6)
- Fahrrad (6)
- Fernverkehrsstraße (6)
- Finite element method (6)
- First aid (6)
- Fuge (6)
- Genauigkeit (6)
- Gesetzesdurchführung (6)
- Highway design (6)
- Impact sled (6)
- India (6)
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- Joint (structural) (6)
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- Kontinuierlich (6)
- Kosten (6)
- Kraftfahrzeug (6)
- Laboratorium (6)
- Leistungsfähigkeit (Fahrer) (6)
- Location (6)
- Main road (6)
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- Night (6)
- Oberfläche (6)
- Perception (6)
- Portugal (6)
- Reaktionsverhalten (6)
- Real time (6)
- Schutzeinrichtung (6)
- Schweden (6)
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- Surface (6)
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- Temperature (6)
- United Kingdom (6)
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- Vorn (6)
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- Wirtschaftlichkeit (6)
- Woman (6)
- Addiction (5)
- Analyse (Math) (5)
- Angle (5)
- Arbeitsgruppe (5)
- Aufprallschlitten (5)
- Automatische Notbremsung (5)
- Baumusterzulassung (5)
- Bauweise (5)
- Beam (5)
- Beschichtung (5)
- Body (car) (5)
- Brake (5)
- Coating (5)
- Communication (5)
- Construction method (5)
- Corrosion (5)
- Cost (5)
- Deformierbare Barriere (Anpralltest) (5)
- Delivery vehicle (5)
- EU directive (5)
- Eins (5)
- Electric vehicle (5)
- Electronic stability program (5)
- Elektrofahrzeug (5)
- Emissionskontrolle (5)
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- Fahrtüchtigkeit (5)
- Festigkeit (5)
- Fire (5)
- Forschungsbericht (5)
- France (5)
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- Griffigkeit (5)
- Intelligent transport system (5)
- Kamera (5)
- Karosserie (5)
- Kommunikation (5)
- Korrelation (math, stat) (5)
- Korrosion (5)
- Laboratory (not an organization) (5)
- Landstraße (5)
- Methode der finiten Elemente (5)
- Modell (5)
- Nanotechnologie (5)
- Nanotechnology (5)
- Oberbau (5)
- Offender (5)
- One (5)
- Oxid (5)
- Oxide (5)
- Pavement (5)
- Police (5)
- Polizei (5)
- Post crash (5)
- Rehabilitation (road user) (5)
- Reinforcement (gen) (5)
- Research report (5)
- Risk taking (5)
- Rural road (5)
- Schallpegel (5)
- Schutz (5)
- Sound level (5)
- Specification (Standard) (5)
- Stahl (5)
- Steel (5)
- Strength (mater) (5)
- Stress (5)
- Süchtigkeit (5)
- Titan (5)
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- Umweltschutz (5)
- Vegetation (5)
- Verstärkung (allg) (5)
- Winkel (5)
- Working group (5)
- Abdomen (4)
- Accuracy (4)
- Adaptation (psychol) (4)
- Alcohol test (4)
- Alkoholtest (4)
- Anpassung (psychol) (4)
- Asphaltstraße (Oberbau) (4)
- Autonomous emergency braking (4)
- Balken (4)
- Baustoff (4)
- Berufsausübung (4)
- Bicyclist (4)
- Blech (4)
- Camera (4)
- Carriageway (4)
- Coefficient of friction (4)
- Collision test (veh) (4)
- Compliance (specif) (4)
- Composite bridge (4)
- Concentration (chem) (4)
- Contact (tyre road) (4)
- Contract (4)
- Cycle track (4)
- Deformable barrier (impact test) (4)
- Digitale Bildverarbeitung (4)
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- Elektronisches Stabilitätsprogramm (4)
- Emission (4)
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- Environment protection (4)
- Ermüdung (mater) (4)
- Estimation (4)
- European Union (4)
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- Psychological aspects (4)
- Psychologische Gesichtspunkte (4)
- Public transport (4)
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- Überholen (4)
- Abdichtung (3)
- Abkommen von der Fahrbahn (Unfall) (3)
- Ablenkung (psychol) (3)
- Accident proneness (3)
- Accompanied driving (3)
- Activity report (3)
- Advanced driver assistance system (3)
- Aggression (psychol) (3)
- Animal (3)
- Auftrag (3)
- Ausbesserung (3)
- Ausdehnung (mater) (3)
- Australia (3)
- Australien (3)
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- Autonomous vehicle (3)
- Bauwerksmonitoring (3)
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- Begleitetes Fahren (3)
- Behinderter (3)
- Bein (3)
- Beinahe Unfall (3)
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- Blickfeld (3)
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- Bus (3)
- CEN (3)
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- Case law (3)
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- Chromatographie (3)
- Chromatography (3)
- Crash test (3)
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- Czech Republic (3)
- Data base (3)
- Data processing (3)
- Datenverarbeitung (3)
- Datenübertragung (telekom) (3)
- EU-Richtlinie (3)
- Effectiveness (3)
- Electronic driving aid (3)
- Elektronische Fahrhilfe (3)
- Emergency (3)
- Empfindlichkeit (3)
- Ergonomics (3)
- Event data recorder (road vehicle) (3)
- Expansion (3)
- Experimental road (3)
- Extrication (3)
- Fahrbahnmarkierung (3)
- Fahrbahnüberquerung (3)
- Fahrsimulator (3)
- Fahrzeugrückhaltesystem (3)
- Fatigue (human) (3)
- Fatigue (mater) (3)
- Field of vision (3)
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- Flexible pavement (3)
- Frequenz (3)
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- Alcohol (2)
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- Anthropmetric dummy (2)
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- Dreidimensional (2)
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Institut
While it is important to track trends in the number of road accidents in different countries using national statistics, there is a need for data with more detailed information, so called in-depth accident data. For this reason, several accident data projects emerged worldwide in recent years. However, also different data standards were established and so comparative analysis of international in-depth data has been very hard to conduct, so far. This is why the project iGLAD (Initiative for the Global Harmonization of Accident Data) was established and created the prerequisites for building up a standardized dataset out of the common denominator of different in-depth accident databases from Europe, USA and Asia. In the first phase, the project received funding from ACEA to compile an initial database. To accomplish this, a suitable data scheme has been defined, a pilot study has been conducted as proof of concept and the recoding of the first common data base has been initiated. Also, to prepare the project for its self-supporting continuation in the next years, a business model has been developed. This paper reports the history and status of the project, the current challenges and the creation of a capable consortium to maintain the data. In mid-2014, the initial database containing 1550 cases from 10 different countries will be completed and a first detailed view on this data will be possible.
In 2014 the sixth ESAR conference (Expert Symposium on Accident Research) was held in Hannover. ESAR is an international convention of experts, who analyze traffic accidents all over the world and discuss their results in this context, conducted at the Medizinische Hochschule Hannover every 2 years. It connected representatives of public authorities, engineers in automotive development and scientists and offers a forum with particular emphasis on In-Depth-Analyses of accident statistics and accident analyses. Special focus is placed on research on the basis of so-called "In-Depth-Accident-Investigations" [data collections at the sites of the accidents], which are characterized by extensive documentations of the sites of the accidents, of the vehicles as well as of the injuries, encompassing several scientific fields. ESAR aims at a multi-disciplinary compilation of scientific results and at discussing them on an international, scientific level. It is thus a scientific colloquium and a platform for exchanging information for all accident researchers. Experiences in accident prevention as well as in the complex field of accident reconstruction are stated and new research fields are added. Existing results of long-term research work in Europe, the US, Australia and Japan include different infrastructural correlations and give findings on population, vehicle population and driver characteristics, which offer a basis for recommendations to be derived and measures for increasing road safety.
Topics of this report are: Road construction (highways, interstate roads, urban by-passes, cycle tracks, construction sites, level crossings removal), traffic management systems, road tunnel equipment, harmonisation of vehicle regulations, accident statistics and accident research, passive vehicle safety, active vehicle safety , automotive environmental protection and rescue systems.
EEVC Status report
(2001)
Despite the steadily declining number of pedestrian fatalities and injuries in most European countries during recent decades, pedestrian protection is still of great importance in the European Union as well as in Germany. This is because they still constitute a large proportion of road user casualties and are more likely to suffer serious and fatal injuries than most other road users. In 1999 only car occupants suffered more fatal injuries than pedestrians in Germany. In December 1998, EEVC WG 17 completed their review and updating of the EEVC WG 10 pedestrian test procedure that made it possible to evaluate the protection afforded to pedestrians by the front of passenger cars in an accident. Within the scope of this procedure, four different impactors are used representing those parts of the body which are injured very often and/or very seriously in vehicle-pedestrian-collisions. In a project executed by IKA and BASt, a small family car was tested according to the EEVC WG 17 test procedure. Afterwards modifications to the car were carried out in order to improve the pedestrian protection provided by the vehicle design. There were certain restrictions placed on the level of modifications undertaken, e.g. only minor modifications to vehicle styling and to the vehicle structures, which provide passenger protection. The redesigned vehicle was tested again using the WG 17 test procedure. The test results of the modified vehicle were compared with those of the standard vehicle and evaluated. The results show that considered measures for pedestrian protection in many areas of the vehicle front structure and the use of innovative techniques can lead to a significant reduction of the loads of pedestrians at an acceptable expense.
EEVC Working Group 15 (Compatibility Between Passenger Cars) has carried out research for several years thanks to collaborative project funded by the E.C. and also by exchanging results of projects funded by national programmes. The main collaborative activity of the EEVC WG15 for the last four years was a research project partly funded by the European Commission, where the group made the first attempt to investigate compatibility between passenger cars in a comprehensive research program. Accident, crash test, and mathematical modelling data were analysed. The main result was that structural incompatibilities were frequently found and identified as the main source of incompatibility problems but were not easy to quantify. Unfortunately as little vehicle information other than mass is recorded in most accident databases, most analyses have only been able to show the effect of mass or mass ratio. Common ideas to improve compatibility have been reached by this group and from discussion with other research groups. They will be investigated in the next phase, where research work will concentrate on the development of methods to assess compatibility of passenger cars. The main idea is that the prerequisite to improve crash compatibility between cars is to improve structural interaction. The most important issue is that improved compatibility must not compromise a vehicle- self protection. Test methods should lead to vehicles which show good structural interaction in car to car accidents. Test methods to prove good compatibility may be an adaptation of existing regulatory test procedures (offset deformable barrier test or full width test like in the USA) for frontal impact or may be new compatibility tests. Additional criteria, e.g. impact force distribution, and maximum vehicle deceleration or maximum vehicle impact force should result in compatible cars. Attempts will be made to estimate the benefit of a more compatible car fleet for the European Community.
The purpose of this paper is to review injuries found in real world lateral collisions and determine the mechanisms responsible for certain kinds of biomechanical failure. During the last years the distribution of deaths among the different types of accidents has changed. Lateral collisions now are the most frequent cause of fatal and other serious injuries. Every third accident is an impact from the side, while every second fatality is the result of a lateral accident. Just a few years ago this value was no higher than 30%. This is probably the result of increasing safety standards for frontal collisions (airbags, seatbelt usage, structural improvements of cars, etc.). Although the number of registered vehicles increased, the total amount of fatalities decreased during the same period. Thus it is now necessary to pay greater attention to the lateral accident situation in order to improve road safety and decrease the number of traffic injuries. Several European organisations had decided to launch the project SID2000, which was funded by the European Commission, with the intention of gathering more knowledge on injuries occurring in lateral accidents and the mechanisms that lead to such injuries. This should enable the group to define the requirements for a new side impact dummy (SID) to be designed. Within the same project the existing TNO-EUROSID 1 was enhanced by another group and the experience gained has now enabled allowed to design a better measuring device for side impacts. The data used for this contribution came from sources from all over Europe and had to be gathered in such a manner that as many accident parameters as possible were taken into account.
An approach to the standardization of accident and injury registration systems (STAIRS) in Europe
(1998)
STAIRS is a European Commission funded study whose aim is to produce a set of guidelines for a harmonised, crash injury database. The need to evaluate the effectiveness of the forthcoming European Union front and side impact directives has emphasised the need for real world crash injury data-sets that can be representative of the crash population throughout Europe. STAIRS will provide a methodology to achieve this. The ultimate aim of STAIRS is to produce a set of data collection tools which will aid decision making on vehicle crashworthiness as well as providing a means to evaluate the effectiveness of safety regulations. This paper will disseminate the up-to-date findings of the group as they try to harmonise their methods. The stage has been reached where studies into the diverse methods of the UK, French and German systems of crash injury investigation have been undertaken. An assessment has already been made of the relationships between the three current systems in order to define the areas of agreement and divergence. The conclusions reached stated that there were many areas that are already closely related and that the differences were only at the detailed level. With the emphasis on secondary safety and injury causation, core data sets were decided upon, taking into account: vehicle description, collision configuration, structural response of vehicles, restraint and airbag performance, child restraint performance, Euro NCAP, pedestrian and vehicle occupant kinematics, injury description and causation. Each variable was studied objectively, the important elements isolated and developed into a form that all partners were agreeable on. A glossary of terms is being developed as the project progresses which includes ISO standards and other definitions from the associated CAREPLUS project, which addresses the comparability of national data sets. A major consideration of the group was the data collection method to be employed. The strengths and weaknesses of each study were investigated to obtain a clear idea of which aspects offered the best way forward. The quality of this information and transference into a common format, as well as the necessary error checking systems to be employed have just been completed and are described. In tandem with this area of study the problem of the statistical relationship of each sample to the national population is also being investigated. The study proposes a mechanism to use a sample of crash injury data to represent the national and international crash injury problem
A means of assessing the passive safety of automobiles is a desirable instrument for legislative bodies, the automobile industry, and the consumer. As opposed to the dominating motor vehicle assessment criteria, such as engine power, spaciousness, aerodynamics and consumption, there are no clear and generally accepted criteria for assessing the passive safety of cars. The proposed method of assessment combines the results of experimental safety tests, carried out according to existing legally prescribed or currently discussed testing conditions, and a biomechanical validation of the loading values determined in the test. This evaluation is carried out with the aid of risk functions which are specified for individual parts of the body by correlating the results of accident analysis with those obtained by computer simulation. The degree of conformance to the respective protection criterion thus deduced is then weighted with factors which take into account the frequency of occurrence and the severity of the accident on the basis of resulting costs. Each of the test series includes at least two frontal and one lateral crash test against a deformable barrier. The computer-aided analysis and evaluation of the simulation results enables a vehicle-specific overall safety index as well as partial and individual safety values to be determined and plotted graphically. The passive safety provided by the respective vehicle under test can be defined for specific seating positions, special types of accident, or for individual endangered parts of the body.
Many big cities in Europe and elsewhere in the world have problems managing the traffic especially during rush hours. The improvement of the parking problematic and environmental protection as well are important aspects for the future traffic design of urban areas. To improve the traffic situation the development of new traffic concepts and alternative vehicles are required. The BMW company has developed a new type of two-wheel vehicle. This two-wheeler constitutes a totally new concept. BMW implemented a lot of safety features, such as a structure made up of rollover bars and a crush element instead of a front protecting plate. Furthermore the driver can secure himself with two safety belts. The paper contains a description of the novel two-wheel vehicle concept designed so far. BMW's concept and the safety features are also explained. The Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) was given the task of assessing the concept as a whole with regard to the active and passive safety and the exemption of the obligation to wear a helmet. The expertise concluded that the BMW two-wheeler concept has a very high safety standard. Some extracts of the expertise, in particular the investigations concerning the exemption of the obligation to wear a helmet are presented. Common legal requirements for the vehicle registration of vehicle concepts similar to the BMW two-wheeler in Germany have been formulated.
This paper provides an overview of the research work of the European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee (EEVC) in the field of crash compatibility between passenger cars. Since July 1997 the EC Commission is partly funding the research work of EEVC. The running period of this project will be two years. The progress of five working packages of this research project is presented: Literature review, Accident analysis, Structural survey of cars, Crash testing, and Mathematical modelling. According to the planned time schedule the progress of research work is different for the five working packages.
Side-impact safety of passenger cars is assessed in Europe in a full-scale test using a moving barrier. The front of this barrier is deformable and represents the stiffness of an 'average' car. The EU Directive 96/27/EC on side impact protection has adopted the EEVC Side Impact Test Procedure, including the original performance specification for the barrier face when impacting a flat dynamometric rigid wall. The requirements of the deformable barrier face, as laid down in the Directive, are related to geometrical characteristics, deformation characteristics and energy dissipation figures. Due to these limited requirements, many variations are possible in designing a deformable barrier face. As a result, several barrier face designs are in the market. However, research institutes and car manufacturers report significant difference in test results when using these different devices. It appears that the present approval test is not able to distinguish between the different designs that may perform differently when they impact real vehicles. Therefore, EEVC Working Group 13 has developed a number of tests to evaluate the different designs. In these tests the barrier faces are loaded and deformed in a specific and/or more representative way. Barrier faces of different design have been evaluated. In the paper the set-up and the reasoning behind the tests is presented. Results showing specific differences in performance are demonstrated.
In der Öffentlichkeit wird allgemein angenommen, dass Massenunfälle aufgrund schlechter Straßen- und Sichtverhältnisse passieren, vor allem bei Nebel. Statistisch gesehen ereignet sich das Ineinanderfahren zahlreicher Fahrzeuge aber wesentlich häufiger bei guter Sicht. Was sind die Gründe? Dieser Frage wurde auf einem Presseseminar des Bundesministeriums für Verkehr am 14. und 15. September 1994 in Kassel nachgegangen. Dabei wurde das Phänomen des Massenunfalls aus den verschiedensten Blickwinkeln betrachtet: Was ist ein Massenunfall? Wie arbeitet die Polizei? Welche Probleme haben Rettungsdienste und Notfallmediziner? Was geht im Kopf der beteiligten Autofahrer vor sich? Gibt es technische Hilfen und wirksame Lernsysteme?
Um ein zuverlässiges Straßennetz aufrechtzuerhalten, ist es notwendig, neue innovative Ansätze in das Erhaltungsmanagement der Brückenbauwerke im Bundesfernstraßennetz zu integrieren und weiterzuentwickeln. Ergänzend zu den turnusmäßigen Bauwerksprüfungen nach DIN 1076 wird daher ein adaptives Konzept bereitgestellt, das es ermöglichen soll zum einen Zustandsveränderungen frühzeitig zu erfassen und zu bewerten und zum anderen mit Hilfe von erfassten Einwirkungen und Widerständen zukünftige Zustandsentwicklungen zu prognostizieren. Die zu konzipierenden Systeme setzen sich im Wesentlichen aus der Datenerfassung mit Hilfe von Sensorik und den zur echtzeitnahen Verwendung und Bewertung notwendigen Modellen zusammen. Im Rahmen mehrerer Forschungsprojekte wurden einzelne Bausteine eines solchen adaptiven Systems erarbeitet.
Past European collaborative research involving government bodies, vehicle manufacturers and test laboratories has resulted in a prototype barrier face called the Advanced European Mobile Deformable Barrier (AE-MDB) for use in a new side impact test procedure . This procedure offers a better representation of the current accident situation and, in particular, the barrier concept is a better reflection of front-end stiffness seen in today- passenger car fleet compared to that of the current legislative barrier face. Based on the preliminary performance corridors of the prototype AE-MDB, a refined AE-MDB specification has been developed. A programme of barrier to load cell wall testing was undertaken to complete and standardise the AE-MDB specification. Barrier faces were supplied by the four leading manufacturers to demonstrate that the specification could be met by all. This paper includes background, specification and proof of compliance.
T. DÜNCHHEIM erörtert in seinem Einführungsvortrag zu "Die Stellung der Gemeinden im Straßenrecht" die kommunalen Gestaltungsspielräume hinsichtlich ihres Satzungsrechts, das sich auf -§ 19 StrWG NRW stützen lässt. Er schildert die Auswirkungen dieser Gestaltung auf das Straßen- und Straßenverkehrsrecht, die letztlich Ausfluss der gemeindlichen Selbstverwaltungsgarantie sind. Dabei problematisiert er die Abgrenzung zwischen straßenrechtlichem Gemeingebrauch und Sondernutzung sowie die Bedeutung der rechtlichen Ausgestaltung des Straßen- und Straßenverkehrsrechts. Hierbei wird die Anwendung des -§ 45 StVO durch die Gemeinden einer kritischen Analyse unterzogen. A. NETTER schildert in seinem Beitrag "Aktuelle Rechtsfragen der Ortsdurchfahrten" die Gremienstruktur im Straßenwesen und den Einfluss des Europarechts, des Bundes- und Landesstraßenrechts sowie den Ortsdurchfahrtenrichtlinien auf das Straßenwesen. Er stellt dabei die Folgen der Aufhebung der Radwegbenutzungspflicht sowie die aus der Straßenbaulast folgende Entwässerungsverpflichtung der Straßenbaulastträger und ihre Umsetzung in den Gemeinden dar. U. WEGNER berichtet in ihrem Beitrag "Aktuelle Entwicklungen des Verbandsklagerechts" über die Auswirkungen europäischer Richtlinien auf das Umweltrecht. In diesem Zusammenhang wird eine wegweisende Entscheidung des BVerwG erörtert, welche die direkte Anwendung des Art. 9 Abs. 3 AK zum Gegenstand hat. Trotz der Einführung einer bundesrechtlichen Verbandsklage in -§ 64 BNatSchG sei das Problem der Wahrung von Allgemeininteressen nicht gelöst, da diese Norm die Interessen des Umweltschutzes nicht hinreichend zu schützen vermöge. Der Beitrag "Inanspruchnahme öffentlicher Wege durch TK-Unternehmen" von U. STELKENS, stellt eine differenzierte Auseinandersetzung mit dem TKG-Wegerecht dar. Er konstatiert, dass die Bestimmungen des TKG im Wesentlichen auf den Normen des Telegraphenwegegesetz (TWG) basieren. Daher bestehen Spannungsverhältnisse und Reibungsflächen zwischen den verschiedenen Abschnitten des TKG, da das TKG und das TWG unterschiedliche Ziele verfolgen. Beispielsweise seien die -§ 77a bis -§ 77e TKG nicht auf die -§ 68 bis -§ 77 TKG abgestimmt worden. Der abschließende Beitrag "Fachplanerische Auswirkungen des Umweltschadensgesetzes" von M. PETERSEN widmet sich der Frage, ob und welche Auswirkungen das Umweltschadensgesetz auf das Fachplanungsrecht hat. Zunächst wird allgemein herausgearbeitet, dass das Umweltschadensgesetz nicht Schadensersatz- oder Ausgleichsleistungen eines geschädigten Dritten bezweckt; vielmehr sollen Umweltschäden vermieden und die Wiederherstellung geschädigter Umweltgüter erreicht werden. Die Frage, ob und inwieweit das Umweltschadensgesetz Auswirkungen auf das Fachplanungsrecht hat, hängt davon ab, ob die Haftungstatbestände des -§ 3 Abs. 1 USchadG einschlägig sind.
At the 2001 ESV-Conference the EEVC working group on compatibility (WG 15) reported the first phase of the research work to investigate the major factors influencing compatibility between passenger cars. Following this, WG15 performed an interim study, which was partly subventioned by the European Commission, the results of which are reported in this paper. In the next phase of work, it is intended to complete the development of a suite of test procedures and associated performance criteria to assess the compatibility of passenger cars in frontal impacts The main areas of work for the interim study were: - in depth accident data analysis - the development of methods to assess the potential benefit of improved compatibility - crash testing. The accident analysis identified the major compatibility problems to be poor structural interaction, stiffness mismatching and compartment strength. Different methods to assess the potential benefit of improved compatibility were applied to in depth accident data. Full scale crash testing including a car to car test was performed to help develop the following candidate compatibility test procedures: - a full width wall test with a deformable aluminium honeycomb face and a high resolution load cell wall - an offset barrier test with the EEVC barrier face and a high resolution load cell wall - an offset barrier test with the progressively deformable barrier (PDB) face. The results of the interim study will be presented in detail and the proposed methodology of the next phase to complete the development of a suite of test procedures for the assessment of car to car compatibility in frontal impacts will be outlined