Filtern
Dokumenttyp
- Konferenzveröffentlichung (12) (entfernen)
Sprache
- Englisch (12) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Prüfverfahren (7)
- Test method (7)
- Fußgänger (5)
- Pedestrian (5)
- Driver assistance system (4)
- Efficiency (4)
- Fahrerassistenzsystem (4)
- Leistungsfähigkeit (allg) (4)
- Radfahrer (4)
- Active safety system (3)
- Aktives Sicherheitssystem (3)
- Antikollisionssystem (3)
- Automatic (3)
- Automatisch (3)
- Collision (3)
- Cyclist (3)
- Accident (2)
- Analyse (math) (2)
- Analysis (math) (2)
- Automatische Notbremsung (2)
- Autonomes Fahren (2)
- Autonomous driving (2)
- Collision avoidance system (2)
- Conference (2)
- Fahrstabilität (2)
- Fahrzeug (2)
- Konferenz (2)
- Lenken (Fahrzeug) (2)
- Lkw (2)
- Lorry (2)
- Richtlinien (2)
- Safety (2)
- Sicherheit (2)
- Specifications (2)
- Steering (process) (2)
- Technische Vorschriften (Kraftfahrzeug) (2)
- Unfall (2)
- Vehicle (2)
- Vehicle handling (2)
- Vehicle regulations (2)
- Zusammenstoß (2)
- Abbiegen (1)
- Accuracy (1)
- Active safety (1)
- Aktive Sicherheit (1)
- Anfahrversuch (1)
- Anthropometric dummy (1)
- Anti locking device (1)
- Antiblockiereinrichtung (1)
- Auffahrunfall (1)
- Autonomous emergency braking (1)
- Autonomous emerhency braking (1)
- Bewertung (1)
- Bicyclist (1)
- Blind spot (veh) (1)
- Braking (1)
- Bremsung (1)
- Cause (1)
- Collisison avoidance system (1)
- Cost benefit analysis (1)
- Crossing the road (pedestrian) (1)
- Daylight (1)
- Detection (1)
- Detektion (1)
- Deutschland (1)
- Development (1)
- Dummy (1)
- Entwicklung (1)
- Europa (1)
- Europe (1)
- Evaluation (assessment) (1)
- Fahrbahnüberquerung (1)
- Fahrstreifenwechsel (1)
- Fatality (1)
- Genauigkeit (1)
- Germany (1)
- Geschwindigkeit (1)
- Impact test (veh) (1)
- In Bewegung (1)
- Intersection (1)
- Knotenpunkt (1)
- Lane changing (1)
- Motorcycle (1)
- Motorrad (1)
- Moving (1)
- Nacht (1)
- Night (1)
- Official approval (1)
- Rear end collision (1)
- Robot (1)
- Roboter (1)
- Schweregrad (Unfall, Verletzung (1)
- Schweregrad /Unfall (1)
- Sensor (1)
- Severity (accid (1)
- Severity (accid, injury) (1)
- Simulation (1)
- Speed (1)
- Standardisierung (1)
- Standardization (1)
- Tageslicht (1)
- Technologie (1)
- Technology (1)
- Test (1)
- Toter Winkel (1)
- Turning (1)
- Tödlicher Unfall (1)
- United Kingdom (1)
- Ursache (1)
- Vereinigtes Königreich (1)
- Verletzung) (1)
- Versuch (1)
- Wirtschaftlichkeitsrechnung (1)
- Zulassung (tech) (1)
- Zusammenstoss (1)
- injury) (1)
Institut
A methodology to derive precision requirements for automatic emergency braking (AEB) test procedures
(2015)
AEB Systems are becoming important to increase traffic safety. Test procedures in testing for consumer information, manufacturer self-certification and technical regulations are used to ensure a certain minimum performance of these systems. Consequently, test robustness, test efficiency and finally test cost become increasingly important. The key driver for testing effort and test costs is the required repeatable accuracy in a test design - the higher the accuracy, the higher effort and test costs. On the other hand, the performance of active safety systems depends on time discretization in the environment perception and other sub-systems: for instance, typical sensors supply information with a cycle time of 50 - 150 ms. Time discretization results in an inherent spread of system performance, even if the test conditions are perfectly equal. The proposed paper shows a methodology to derive requirements for a test setup (e.g. test repeats, use of driving robots, ...) as function of AEB system generation and rating method (e.g. Euro NCAP points awarded, pass/fail, ...). While the methodology itself is applicable to AEB pedestrian and AEB Car-Car scenarios, due to the lack of sufficient test data for AEB Car-Car, the focus of this paper is on AEB pedestrian scenarios. A simulation model for the performance of AEB Pedestrian systems allows for the systematic variation of the discretization time as well as test condition accuracy. This model is calibrated with test results of 4 production vehicles for AEB Pedestrian, all fully tested by BASt according to current Euro NCAP test protocols. Selected parameters to observe the accuracy of the test setup in case of pedestrian AEB is the calculated impact position of pedestrian on the vehicle front (as if no braking would have occurred), and the test vehicle speed accuracy. These variable was shown in real tests to be repeatable in the range of ± 5 cm and ± 0,25 km/h, respectively, with a fully robotized state of the art test setup. The sensitivity of AEB performance (measured in achieved speed reduction as well as overall rating result according to current Euro NCAP rating methods) towards discretization and the sensitivity of performance towards test accuracy then is compared to identify economic yet robust test concepts. These comparisons show that the available repeatability accuracy of current test setups is more than sufficient for today's AEB system capabilities. Time discretization problems dominate the performance spread especially in test scenarios with a limited pedestrian dummy reveal time (e.g. child behind obstruction, running adult scenarios with low car speeds). This would allow to increase test tolerances to decrease test cost. A methodology which allows to derive the required tolerances in active safety tests might be valuable especially for NCAPs of emerging countries that do not have the necessary equipment (e.g. driving robots, positioning units) available for the full-scale and high tolerance EuroNCAP active safety procedures yet still want to rate active safety systems, thus improving the global safety.
Accidents between right turning trucks and straight driving cyclists often show massive consequences. Accident severity in terms of seriously or fatally injured cyclists that are involved is much higher than in accidents of other traffic participants in other situations. It seems clear that adding additional mirrors will very likely not improve the situation. At ESV 2015, a methodology to derive test procedures and first test cases as well as requirements for a driver assist system to address blind spot accidents has been presented. However, it was unclear if and how testing of these cases is feasible, to what extent characteristics of different truck concepts (e.g. articulated vehicles, rigid vehicles) influence the test conduction and outcome, and what tolerances should be selected for the different variables. This work is important for the acceptance of a draft regulation in the UN working group on general safety. In the meantime, three test series using a single tractor vehicle, a tractor-semitrailer combination and a rigid vehicle have been conducted. The test tools (e.g. surrogate devices) have been refined. A fully crashable, commercially available bicycle dummy has been tested. If used correct, this dummy does follow a straight line quite precisely and it does not cause any damage to the truck under test in case of accidental impact. The dummy specifications are freely available. During testing, the different vehicle categories resulted in different trajectories being driven. Articulated vehicle combinations did first execute a turn into the opposite direction, and on the other hand, single tractor vehicles did behave comparable to passenger cars. A possible solution to take these behaviors into account is to require the vehicles to drive through a corridor that is narrow for a precise straight-driving phase and extends during the turn. Other investigated parameters are the dummy and vehicle speed tolerances. The results from this research make it possible to draft a regulation for a driver assistance system that helps to avoid blind spot accidents: test cases have been refined, their feasibility has been checked, and corridors for the vehicles and for important parameters (e.g. test speeds) have been set. The test procedure is applicable to all types of heavy goods vehicles. In combination with the accidentology (ESV 2015 paper), the work provides the basis for a regulation for such an assistance system.