Filtern
Erscheinungsjahr
- 2010 (8) (entfernen)
Dokumenttyp
Sprache
- Englisch (8) (entfernen)
Volltext vorhanden
- nein (8) (entfernen)
Schlagworte
- Deutschland (4)
- Germany (4)
- Behaviour (2)
- Conference (2)
- Datenbank (2)
- Europa (2)
- Europe (2)
- Highway (2)
- Improvement (2)
- Konferenz (2)
- Safety (2)
- Sensor (2)
- Sicherheit (2)
- Straße (2)
- Temperatur (2)
- Traffic control (2)
- Verbesserung (2)
- Verhalten (2)
- Verkehrssteuerung (2)
- Weather (2)
- Witterung (2)
- Ablenkung (psychol) (1)
- Accident (1)
- Apparatus (measuring) (1)
- Arzneimittel (1)
- Asset management (1)
- Asset management system (1)
- Auftaumittel (1)
- Augenbewegungen (1)
- Benchmark (1)
- Bestrafung (1)
- Black ice (1)
- Bridge (1)
- Brücke (1)
- Brücken Management System (1)
- Carbon dioxide (1)
- Classification (1)
- Cold (1)
- Communication (1)
- Condition survey (1)
- Confiscation (driving license) (1)
- Data bank (1)
- Database (1)
- Deicing (1)
- Detection (1)
- Dimension (1)
- Distraction (1)
- Driver (1)
- Driver assistance system (1)
- Driver information (1)
- Driving (veh) (1)
- Driving license (1)
- Droge (1)
- Drugs (1)
- Drunkenness (1)
- EU (1)
- Economic efficiency (1)
- Emission (1)
- Entdeckung (1)
- Eye movement (1)
- Fahrer (1)
- Fahrerassistenzsystem (1)
- Fahrerinformation (1)
- Fahrsimulator (1)
- Fahrstreifen (1)
- Fahrzeugführung (1)
- Fahrzeuginnenraum (1)
- Field test (1)
- Forschungsarbeit (1)
- Freight transport (1)
- Fuel consumption (1)
- Führerschein (1)
- Führerscheinentzug (1)
- Gefahrenabwehr (1)
- Gewicht (1)
- Glatteis (1)
- Grenzfläche (1)
- Güterverkehr (1)
- Herstellung (1)
- In situ (1)
- Incident management (1)
- Interface (1)
- Interior (veh) (1)
- International (1)
- Klassifikation (1)
- Kohlendioxid (1)
- Kommunikation (1)
- Kraftstoffverbrauch (1)
- Kälte (1)
- Leistungsfähigkeit (allg) (1)
- Lkw (1)
- Lorry (1)
- Maintenance (1)
- Manufacture (1)
- Market (1)
- Markt (1)
- Measurement (1)
- Medication (1)
- Messgerät (1)
- Messung (1)
- Method (1)
- Mobility (1)
- Mobilität (1)
- Nasse Straße (1)
- Optische Anzeige (1)
- Pavement Management System (1)
- Pavement management system (1)
- Penalty (1)
- Perception (1)
- Planning (1)
- Planung (1)
- Prevention (1)
- Productivity (1)
- Prüfverfahren (1)
- Quality (1)
- Qualität (1)
- Rain (1)
- Reaction (human) (1)
- Reaktionsverhalten (1)
- Regen (1)
- Rehabilitation (1)
- Rehabilitation (road user) (1)
- Research project (1)
- Risiko (1)
- Risk (1)
- Road network (1)
- Security (1)
- Sensors (1)
- Sichtbarkeit (1)
- Simulator (driving) (1)
- Size and weight regulations (1)
- Spreading (1)
- Straßennetz (1)
- Stress (1)
- Stress (psychol) (1)
- Störfallmanagement (1)
- Surfacing (1)
- Technische Vorschriften (Kraftfahrzeug) (1)
- Technologie (1)
- Technology (1)
- Temperature (1)
- Terrorism (1)
- Terrorismus (1)
- Test method (1)
- Traffic (1)
- Traffic lane (1)
- Trunkenheit (1)
- Tunnel (1)
- Unfall (1)
- Unterhaltung (1)
- Vehicle regulation (1)
- Verfahren (1)
- Verhütung (1)
- Verkehr (1)
- Verteilung (mater) (1)
- Sichtbarkeit (1)
- Visual display (1)
- Wahrnehmung (1)
- Weight (1)
- Wet road (1)
- Wind (1)
- Winter (1)
- Wirtschaftlichkeit (1)
- Zustandsbewertung (1)
The Federal Highway Network of Germany represents considerable fixed assets. Construction and maintenance activities not only require a high budget, but also influence the traffic infrastructure and, thus, the economy and society as a whole. The present safety of the network has to be ensured under consideration of environmental aspects. At the same time the network owner has to make sure that the civil works are carried out in the most efficient way. Considering the fact that financial resources are restricted, the costs have to be spent in a way to obtain the greatest possible benefit. This task is supported by the application of a comprehensive Asset Management, which is subdivided into operational and controlling tasks respectively. The paper describes the current management procedures.
This article reports on a two-year study (2006 to 2008) of the distribution of de-icing salts (NaCl) applied to the road and the influence of traffic on the effective times of the de-icing salts. The research was focused on the needed resting periods of de-icing salts on road surfaces. The study used sensors installed in two lanes of the Motorway A4 in the area of the Dresden-Hellerau Highway Surveillance Center (Germany), to measure air and ground temperatures, wind speed and direction, liquid film thicknesses and residual quantities of salt on the road surface during ongoing traffic at 5-minute intervals. The authors conclude with four observations that can be useful for applying de-icing salts more judiciously: preventive spreading is only sensible if applied timely, i.e. immediately prior to icing events to be expected; the time-frame for preventive spreading on the dry road surface is maximum 60 minutes and on the moist road surface maximum 120 minutes; by increasing spreading densities in preventive spreading, this timeframe cannot be extended; it is completely sufficient if the spreading width is adjusted in such a way that the outer wheel tracks are also covered by the spreading. Distribution across the entire width of the lane will be caused by the rolling traffic within a few minutes.
The technology involved in traffic control in Germany has undergone significant changes. This paper describes how a group of German manufacturers have worked with operators to produce Open Communications Interface for Road Traffic Control Systems (OCIT). At the beginning of 2010, twenty-one different European manufacturers had bought licences for OCIT outstations.
The Joint Transport Research Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the International Transport Forum recently conducted a benchmarking study of the safety and productivity of typical highway transport trucks from various countries. This paper focuses on vehicle productivity and efficiency in regard to the movement of freight. Forty vehicles from 10 countries were examined. The vehicles were designed for longer-haul applications and were classified in three separate categories: workhorse vehicles, which are the most common and can travel on most roads; high-capacity vehicles, which may be restricted to a certain class of road; and very high-capacity vehicles, which may be restricted to specific highways or routes. The metrics used in the analysis include maximum cargo mass and volume capacity, optimum cargo density, fuel consumption, and carbon dioxide output as a function of the freight task. The study found that size and weight regulations have a significant effect on the productivity and efficiency of heavy vehicles, including fuel consumption and vehicle emissions per unit of cargo transported. Significant variations were found among the vehicles from participating countries as well as within vehicle classes. It was also apparent that, in general, higher-productivity vehicles are correlated more strongly with increased cargo volume than with increased cargo mass and that larger trucks are better suited to lower-density freight than are workhorse vehicles. The study also found that it is important to consider the freight task when evaluating vehicle fuel consumption and emissions.
Road transport networks are of major importance for the economy and equally for the mobility of the citizens in the European countries. In order to improve the protection of transport infrastructures and the robustness of the European road network research projects are currently in process on national and European level. A main focus of these investigations is to analyze the specific vulnerabilities of bridges and tunnels concerning structural, operational and organizational aspects and to identify critical objects. But also infrastructures, which are critical due to their location and function in a road network, must be identified. For this the resulting regional and supra-regional impacts due to the failure of certain infrastructures have to be investigated on network level. In order to increase the security of road transport infrastructures and whole road networks the most effective security measures have to be determined. This paper gives an overview about the content and first results of current European and German research projects on road transport security.
As the data for road weather stations is used for online traffic control within section control systems, it is very important for the efficiency of the traffic control systems to be based on reliable data of a high quality. Therefore, a Test Site for checking the quality of road weather stations was established near Munich in Germany in 2003 and has been operational since then. In close co-operation with all participants (sensor manufacturers, road authorities, German Federal Research Institute, research and consultancy bodies), the overall goal was to improve the sensors" quality as well as to establish methods to detect failures in measurements. Furthermore, several improvements were carried out within the scope of the Test Site using the expertise of all participants and the infrastructure of the Test Site. The developments, reports and results obtained are both significant and helpful for manufacturers, road authorities, practitioners, research and consultancy.
Abstract: The number of accidents that can be attributed to driving under the influence of psychoactive substances (alcohol, drugs, and certain medicines) is constantly on a high level with drugs and medicines proportionally increasing over the years. The overall objective of the EU 6th Framework Programme project DRUID is to gain better knowledge of the various aspects of driving under the influence of drugs, alcohol and medicines. DRUID wants to offer scientific support to EU transport policy makers by suggesting guidelines and measures to combat impaired driving. To reach this ambitious aim a wide range of studies is conducted. The various studies are divided into seven work packages with complex interdependencies. There are experimental studies assessing the effects of single and combined psychoactive substances on driving performance (WP1) as well as epidemiological studies aiming to assess the situation in Europe regarding prevalence of alcohol and other psychoactive substances in drivers (WP2).The principal objective of these studies is to gain relative risk estimates for traffic accident involvement of drivers impaired by psychoactive substances and to recommend substance concentration thresholds. A theoretical framework which allows the integration of the experimental and epidemiological findings serves as a fundament for developing these recommendations. WP3 aims at improving the possibilities of detecting drug driving in Europe. Police forces evaluate practically (under realistic enforcement conditions) oral fluid screening devices. A scientific evaluation of oral fluid screening devices and other methods (i.e. roadside checklists of signs of impairment) is done as well. The outcome of the practical and scientific evaluations serves as input to cost-benefit analyses of enforcement.
This article describes the development of techniques to minimize automobile driver distraction when an in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) that requires visual attention is in use. The authors explain the visual occlusion technique that has been developed as a tool for the assessment of the in-vehicle human-machine interface (HMI) of IVIS in terms of visual demands. The authors addressed an unresolved issue in previous standardized experimental protocols - how subjects make use of the occluded intervals and how this might affect the assessments of visual demands. This study protocol assumed that subjects would continue task performance during occluded periods, leading to an underestimation of visual demands by the occlusion parameters "total shutter open time" (TSOT) and the "occlusion index". The authors predicted that a simple additional loading task to be performed in parallel could disrupt IVIS task performance during the occluded period leading to higher estimations of visual demands by TSOT and R. Their prediction was confirmed by the study findings. The results also showed that under the condition of additional auditory tracking, TSOT and R discriminated more clearly between an "easy" and a "difficult" IVIS task than under the standard condition. They conclude with a discussion of the implications of this research for designers of assessment tools for driver visual distractions.