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- 2009 (2) (entfernen)
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This study was one part of the research activities of work package 5 "Rehabilitation" of the integrated EU DRUID project (6th Framework Programme). It aimed at gathering information about the cognitive"affective and behavioral processes that participants undergo while attending driver rehabilitation (DR) programs. The primary objective was to analyze the outcomes of group interventions for alcohol offenders in order to assess any cognitive, motivational and behavioral modifications within individual participants and to identify the relevant variables which initiate and support this change process. The general methodological concept of the study was a prospective cohort design of participants of group-based European driver rehabilitation programs, carried out via a participant feedback questionnaire survey. In total N=7.339 DUI offenders in 9 European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands and Poland) participated in the survey. The results indicate that DR participants feel such programs provide strong support for their cognitive and behavioral change processes. The findings suggest that participants feel encouraged to establish new behavioral goals and the commitment to stick to them. At the same time, the participants' ratings emphasize the important role of the course leader in encouraging such changes. The findings of this explorative questionnaire survey are promising. Although it is impossible to draw any conclusions regarding long-term behavioral changes or effects on recidivism rates, participants of DR courses express positive feedback on completion of the program. The positive outcomes of the study can motivate decisionmakers to launch DR measures and to regard them as an essential part of a comprehensive countermeasure system against DUI.
Relevant accident related factors : risk and frequencies of contributing to road traffic accidents
(2009)
In the course of the European Project TRACE (Traffic Accident Causation in Europe) an attempt was made to analyse the cause of road traffic accidents from a factors' point of view. By literature review the most important independent risk factors for traffic accidents were identified to be speed, alcohol intake, male gender, young age, cell phone use, and fatigue. However, the impact of an accident related factor also depends on its prevalence in traffic and accidents, respectively. Available to the Partners in the TRACE Project were different accident databases. Causally contributing factors found by accident investigations that are most often coded in accident databases are connected to unadapted speed and inattention. Taking into account the risk increase and the frequency of contribution to accidents the conclusion can be drawn that the most relevant factors for accident causation are: "alcohol", "speed", and "inattention and distraction".