620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
Filtern
Schlagworte
- Accident reconstruction (2)
- Conference (2)
- Deutschland (2)
- Germany (2)
- Simulation (2)
- Unfallrekonstruktion (2)
- Accident (1)
- Bewertung (1)
- Biomechanics (1)
- Biomechanik (1)
- Bus (1)
- Collision (1)
- Correlation (math, stat) (1)
- Dynamics (1)
- Dynamik (1)
- Evaluation (assessment) (1)
- Konferenz (1)
- Korrelation (math, stat) (1)
- Method (1)
- On the spot accident investigation (1)
- Passives Sicherheitssystem (1)
- Portugal (1)
- Probability (1)
- Restraint system (1)
- Roll over (veh) (1)
- Schleudertrauma (1)
- Unfall (1)
- Untersuchung am Umfallort (1)
- Verfahren (1)
- Wahrscheinlichkeit (1)
- Whiplash injury (1)
- Zusammenstoß (1)
- Überschlagen (1)
Bus or heavy vehicle passenger accidents are rare events, compared with car accidents, but sometimes leads to a large number of victims especially in rollover crash scenarios. Two accidents occurred in Portugal in 2007 and 2013 in which 28 people died and more than 50 are injured, shown the importance of the investigation of such accidents. For the investigation of these accidents multidisciplinary teams are constituted with engineers and police officers. All the factors involved are taken into consideration including road design, traffic signs, maintenance and hardware, human factors, and vehicle factors. In this work a methodology to an accurate collection of the data is proposed. From the information collected the accident is reconstructed using the PC-CrashTM software. From this all the contribution factors are determined and recommendations to mitigate these crashes are listed. These two accidents are rollover accidents and the analysis of the injuries and its correlation with the use of retention systems is very important. From the medical data and with the dynamics of the accident determined simulations of the occupants with biomechanical models are carried out in order to evaluate the effect of the retention systems in the injuries. This analysis is based on injury criteria (such as Abbreviated Injury Score (AIS) or Injury Severity Scale (ISS)). With this it is possible to determine if the seat belt was worn or not.
Whiplash injuries are characterized by the high variability of its symptoms and by the subjectivity of its diagnosis, which sometimes leads to frauds perpetrated by victims of rear-end impacts. It is estimated that whiplash injuries cost annually about 10.000 million Euros in Europe. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the dynamics of the accident in which the victim was involved in the probability of development of whiplash associated injuries. In the presented methodology, first an accident reconstruction is performed where the dynamics of the accident is determined. This is carried out using the software PC-Crash, police and insurance companies' data. Then biomechanical injuries criteria related with whiplash injuries are evaluated. For the evaluation of the probability of having whiplash injuries, the Neck Injury Criterion (NIC) of the victim and the mean acceleration of the vehicle were evaluated. Then, with medical reports, the results of the accident reconstruction are correlated with the reported injuries. Some examples are presented. The results obtained indicate that the study of the dynamics of the road accidents in which the victims were involved could be used as an auxiliary of the prognosis of whiplash injuries and is important for a precise diagnosis of this type of injuries.