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Biomechanical analysis of traffic accident related aortic injuries over the past 40 years

  • Still correlated with high mortality rates in traffic accidents traumatic aortic ruptures were frequently detected in unprotected car occupants in the early years. This biomechanical analysis investigates the different kinds of injury mechanisms leading to traumatic aortic injuries in todays traffic accidents and how the way of traffic participation affects the frequency of those injuries over the years. Based on GIDAS reported traffic accidents from 1973 to 2014 are analyzed. Results show that traumatic aortic injuries are mainly observed in high-speed accidents with high body deceleration and direct load force to the chest. Mostly chest compression is responsible for the load direction to the cardiac vessels. The main observed load vector is from caudal-ventral and from ventral solely, but also force impact from left and right side and in roll-over events with chest compression lead to traumatic aortic injuries. Classically, the injury appeares at the junction between the well-fixed aortic arch and the pars decendens following a kind of a scoop mechanism, a few cases with a hyperflexion mechanism are also described. In our analysis the deceleration effect alone never led to an aortic rupture. Comparing the past 40 years aortic injuries shift from unprotected car occupants to today's unprotected vulnerable road users like pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. Still the accident characteristics are linked with chest compression force under high speed impact, no seatbelt and direct body impact.

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Metadaten
Verfasserangaben:Stephan Brand, Christian Müller, Thorsten Facius, Sebastian Decker, Christian Krettek, Dietmar Otte
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:opus-bast-18068
Dokumentart:Konferenzveröffentlichung
Sprache:Englisch
Datum der Veröffentlichung (online):16.10.2017
Jahr der Erstveröffentlichung:2017
Beteiligte Körperschaft:Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. Verkehrsunfallforschung
Datum der Freischaltung:16.10.2017
Freies Schlagwort / Tag:Analyse (math); Biomechanik; Blutkreislauf; Bremsung; Bruch (mech); Brustkorb; Deutschland; Konferenz; Unfall; Unfallrekonstruktion; Verletzung; Zusammendrückung; Zusammenstoß
Accident; Accident reconstruction; Analysis (math); Biomechanics; Breaking; Chest; Circulation (blood); Collision; Compression; Conference; Germany; Injury; Rib; Rupture
Quelle:7th International Conference on ESAR "Expert Symposium on Accident Research" 2016
Institute:Sonstige / Sonstige
DDC-Klassifikation:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
collections:BASt-Beiträge / ITRD Sachgebiete / 80 Unfallforschung
BASt-Beiträge / ITRD Sachgebiete / 84 Personenschäden
BASt-Beiträge / Tagungen / International Conference on ESAR / 7th International Conference on ESAR
Lizenz (Deutsch):License LogoBASt / Link zum Urhebergesetz

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