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Assessment of nitrate transport parameters using the advection-diffusion cell

  • This study aimed to better understand nitrate transport in the soil system in a part of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany, and to aid in the development of groundwater protection plans. An advection-diffusion (AD) cell was used in a miscible displacement experiment setup to characterize nitrate transport in 12 different soil samples from the study area. The three nitrate sorption isotherms were tested to define the exact nitrate interaction with the soil matrix. Soils varied in their properties which in its turn explain the variations in nitrate transport rates. Soil texture and organic matter content showed to have the most important effect on nitrate recovery and retardation. The miscible displacement experiment indicated a decrease in retardation by increasing sand fraction, and an increase in retardation by increasing soil organic matter content. Soil samples with high sand fractions (up to 94 %) exhibited low nitrate sorption capacity of less than 10 %, while soils with high organic matter content showed higher sorption of about 30 %. Based on parameterization for nitrate transport equation, the pore water velocity for both sandy and loamy soils were significantly different (P < 0.001). Pore water velocity in sandy soil (about 4 x 10 high 3 m/s) was about 100 to 1000 larger than in loamy soils (8.7 x 10 high 5 m/s). On the other hand, the reduction in nitrate transport in soils associated with high organic matter was due to fine pore pathways clogged by fine organic colloids. It is expected that the existing micro-phobicity increased the nitrate recovery from 9 to 32 % resulting in maximum diffusion rates of about 3.5 x 10 high 5 m/s2 in sandy soils (sample number CS-04) and about 1.4 x 10 high 7 m/s2 in silt loam soils (sample number FS-02).

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Metadaten
Author:Taiseer Aljazzar, Mohammed Al-Qinna
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of Publication (online):2018/10/04
Date of first publication:2016/09/03
Publishing institution:Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt)
Contributing corporation:Hashemite University (Zarqa, Jordan), Department of Land Management & Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources & Environment
Release Date:2019/10/24
Tag:Absorption; Bewertung; Boden; Deutschland; Diffusion; Grundwasser; Lufttransport; Luftverunreinigung; Messung; Salpetersäure; Versuch
Absorption; Air pollution; Air transport; Diffusion; Evaluation (Assessment); Germany; Ground water; Measurement; Nitric acid; Soil; Test
Comment:
Volltext frei verfügbar unter: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7457-8
Source:Environmental science and pollution research 23 (2016), 22, S. 23145-23157
Institutes:Abteilung Straßenverkehrstechnik / Abteilung Straßenverkehrstechnik
Sonstige / Sonstige
Dewey Decimal Classification:5 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik / 54 Chemie / 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
collections:BASt-Beiträge / ITRD Sachgebiete / 15 Umwelt
BASt-Beiträge / ITRD Sachgebiete / 41 Bodenerkundung

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